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Assembling and Installing Systems
A-20
Automation System S7-400 Hardware and Installation
A5E00850741-01
A.9 Lightning Protection and Overvoltage Protection
Overview
Failures are very often the result of overvoltages caused by:
• Atmospheric discharge or
• Electrostatic discharge.
First of all, we want to introduce you to the lightning protection zone concept, on
which the protection against overvoltage is based.
At the end of this section, you will find rules for the transitions between the
individual lightning protection zones.
Note
This section can only provide information on the protection of a programmable
logic controller against overvoltages.
However, a complete protection against overvoltage is guaranteed only if the
whole surrounding building is designed to provide protection against overvoltages.
This refers especially to constructional measures for the building already in the
planning phase.
If you wish to obtain detailed information on overvoltage protection, we therefore
recommend you to address y our Siemens contact or a company specialized in
lightning protection.
- A5E00850741-01 1
- Trademarks 2
- Safety Guidelines 2
- Qualified Personnel 2
- Prescribed Usage 2
- Documentation Package 3
- S7-400 Instruction List 3
- Navigating 4
- Recycling and Disposal 4
- Further Support 4
- Training Centers 4
- Technical Support 5
- Contents 7
- Product Overview 13
- S7-400 components 14
- Type label 15
- Example of a rating plate 16
- Installing the S7-400 17
- 2.1 S7-400 Installation 18
- Connecting the CR and ER(s) 19
- Connecting witha5VSupply 19
- Overview of the Connections 19
- Rules for Connection 21
- Function of the Racks 22
- Racks in the S7-400 System 22
- • Modules are not su 22
- Electrical Supply 23
- Communication Bus (C Bus) 23
- 2.3 Segmented CR 24
- 2.4 Subdivided CR 25
- Reference Manual, Chapter 1) 26
- Dimensions of the Racks 27
- Step 2: Mounting the Rack 28
- Mounting Screws 29
- 19-inch reference level 31
- Cable duct/fan subassembly 31
- Configuration 32
- 2.7 Methods of Ventilation 34
- Subassembly 36
- Shipping state 37
- Filter Mat (Optional) 37
- Procedure 38
- Blanking 39
- Why Cabinets are Required 41
- Cabinet dimensions 44
- D D D D D 45
- Installation Sequence 46
- Removing the Cover 47
- Attaching the Modules 48
- Screwing the Modules in Place 48
- Slot Number 49
- Fitting Slot Labels 49
- Distributed I/Os 50
- 2.16 Accessories 51
- Addressing the S7-400 53
- Addresses 54
- Geographical Addresses 54
- Logical Addresses 54
- The Two Stages of Addressing 54
- Default Addressing 55
- Channel on a Digital Module 58
- Channel on an Analog Module 59
- Wiring the S7-400 61
- Calculation Example 63
- Load Current Power Supplies 64
- Determining the Load Current 64
- • Otherwise: 65
- Potential (M) 67
- Application 68
- Terminal Connection Model 68
- Power Supply Units 68
- Filtering the 24 VDC Supply 69
- Insulation Monitoring 69
- 1L+ 2L+ 3L+ 72
- 4.9 Grounding 73
- • Grounded configuration 74
- • Ungrounded configuration 74
- • Grounded and ungrounded 74
- Connections 75
- Special Cases 76
- 4.11 Wiring Rules 77
- Power Supply Connector 78
- CableTiesasStrainRelief 88
- Labels and Terminal Diagram 89
- Label with blank 90
- Cutout in front connector 90
- How to Label S7-400 Modules 91
- Principle of a Coding Key 92
- Coding key 93
- Send IM Receive IM Receive IM 96
- Terminator 96
- Wiring It 97
- Cable Routing 98
- Securing Cables 98
- Shield Contact 98
- Bending Radius 98
- 5.1 Configuring a Network 100
- 5.2 Fundamentals 101
- Number of Nodes 102
- MPI/PROFIBUS-DP Addresses 102
- Default MPI Addresses 102
- Rules for MPI Addresses 103
- PG Access 104
- Components 106
- Networking 107
- Example of an MPI Network 109
- Example Using a CPU 414-2 111
- 5.4 Cable Lengths 113
- Lengths of Spur Lines 114
- 5.5 PROFIBUS-DP Bus Cables 116
- 5.6 Bus Connectors 117
- Connecting the Bus Connector 118
- Removing the Bus Connector 118
- Electrical/Optical Conversion 120
- Transmission Rate 121
- 5.8.1 Fiber-Optic Cables 122
- Order Numbers 124
- Definition 124
- Prerequisite 124
- Structure 125
- Cable Lengths 126
- Laying PCF Fiber-Optic Cable 126
- Rules for Laying Cable 127
- Commissioning 129
- Recommended Procedure 130
- Operator Control 134
- When Should a CPU be Reset? 135
- How to Perform a Memory Reset 135
- Special Case MPI Parameters 137
- Restart (warm start) 138
- Hot restart 138
- 6.7 Inserting a Memory Card 139
- Inserting a Memory Card 140
- Inserting a Backup Battery 141
- Removing a Backup Battery 144
- Introduction 145
- Requirements 145
- Starting Up 145
- 417-4 and 417-4H) 146
- Maintenance 149
- Replacing the Backup Battery 150
- Using Backup Batteries 151
- Slot Numbering 152
- Supply Modules) 152
- Installing a New Module 152
- 7.3 Replacing CPUs 153
- Installing a Module 155
- Modules with Fuses 157
- Check the Plant 157
- Changing the Fuses 157
- Hot--swapping Modules 159
- Fuse Type 161
- Replacing the Fuse 161
- Operation 162
- During Operation 164
- Exchanging the Mother Board 166
- Chapter Overview 169
- General Basic Rules 170
- Specific Application 170
- EMERGENCY OFF Devices 170
- 120/230 VAC Supply 171
- 24 VDC Supply 171
- Definition: EMC 173
- Rule 1: Large Area Grounding 175
- Rule 2: Correct Cable Routing 175
- Rule 3: Secure Cable Shields 175
- Rule 4: Special EMC Measures 176
- See also 176
- Inactive Metal Parts 177
- Key for example 1 179
- A.5 Shielding Cables 181
- Handling the Shields 182
- A.6 Equipotential Bonding 183
- A.7 Cabling Inside Buildings 185
- A.8 Cabling Outside Buildings 187
- Overview 188
- VDE 0185 T103 189
- Effects of a Lightning Strike 189
- Protection 190
- Additional Measures 191
- Sample Circuit 196
- Components in figure A-7 197
- Inductive Surge 198
- Intoduction 200
- Reliability 200
- Important Information 201
- Guidelines for Handling 205
- B.1 What is ESD? 206
- Charging 207
- Discharge Damage 208
- Glossary 209
- Hardware Interrupt 215
- Instance Data Block 215
- Interface, Multipoint 215
- Interrupt, Cyclic 215
- Isolated 215
- MPI Address 217
- Nesting Depth 217
- Node Number 217
- Non-Isolated 217
- Varistor 224
- Warm Restart 224
- Watchdog interrupt 224
- Work Memory 224
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